La formación en religiosidad y espiritualidad en los estudios de Grado en Enfermería / The formation in religiosity and spirituality in the studies of Degree in Nursing / A formação em religiosidade e espiritualidade nos estudos de Graduação em Enfermagem

El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido indagar la conveniencia de incluir materia de religiosidad/espiritualidad en los planes de estudio del grado en enfermería. Para ello se ha llevado a cabo una revisión de la literatura científica de los últimos 5 años (2012-2017) en las bases de datos internacionales Cinalh, Scopus, Pubmed y Web Of Science (WOS). Los descriptores usados fueron "religión", "espiritualidad", "estudiante", "enfermería" y "educación". Los resultados apuntan que las necesidades de formación de los estudiantes de enfermería varían según la población estudiada. También se evidencian barreras en la adquisición de estas competencias en la práctica con la existencia de una enfermería materialista, centrada en lo biológico y/o el temor a ser malinterpretados. Incluir materia de religiosidad en los planes de estudio de enfermería ha obtenido resultados positivos en los cuidados de enfermería y en la esfera personal del propio alumnado. Se considera conveniente incluir la materia de religiosidad/espiritualidad en los estudios de grado en enfermería debido a la brecha de conocimientos existente acerca de este tema y los beneficios asociados al tratamiento de estas cuestiones

The objective of this investigation has been to investigate the convenience of including religiosity/spirituality in the study plans of the nursing degree. To this end, a review of the scientific literature of the last 5 years (2012-17) has been carried out in the Cinalh, Scopus, Pubmed and Web Of Science (WOS) international databases. The descriptors used were "religion", "spirituality", "student", "nursing" and "education". The results suggest that the training needs of nursing students vary according to the population studied. There are also barriers in the acquisition of these skills in practice with the existence of a materialistic nursing, focused on the biological and/or the fear of being misinterpreted. The bibliography evidences that including the subject of religiosity / spirituality in the nursing study plans obtains positive results in nursing care and in the personal sphere of the students themselves. As analyzed, it is considered convenient to include the subject of religiosity/spirituality in nursing degree studies due to the existing knowledge gap on this subject and the benefits associated with the treatment of these issues

O objetivo desta investigação foi investigar a conveniência de incluir religiosidade/espiritualidade nos planos de estudo do grau de enfermagem. Para este fim, uma revisão da literatura científica dos últimos 5 anos (2012-17) foi realizada nos bancos de dados Cinahl, Scopus, Pubmed e Web of Science (WOS). Os descritores usados foram "religião", "espiritualidade", "aluno", "enfermagem" e "educação". Os resultados sugerem que as necessidades de treinamento de estudantes de enfermagem variam de acordo com a população estudada. Há também barreiras na aquisição dessas habilidades na prática com a existência de uma enfermagem materialista, focada no biológico e/ou medo de ser mal interpretada. A bibliografia evidencia que a inclusão do tema da religiosidade/espiritualidade nos planos de estudo em enfermagem obtém resultados positivos no cuidado de enfermagem e na esfera pessoal dos próprios estudantes. Conforme analisado, é considerado conveniente incluir o tema da religiosidade/espiritualidade em estudos de graduação de enfermagem devido à lacuna de conhecimento existente sobre este assunto e aos benefícios associados ao tratamento dessas questões

Opinions and attitudes on the relationship between spirituality, religiosity and health: A comparison between nursing students from Brazil and Portugal.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the opinions and attitudes of Portuguese-speaking nursing students from Brazil and Portugal on the relationship between religiosity/spirituality and the ability to approach these issues with patients, in their undergraduate training and practice. BACKGROUND: Although there are studies investigating nursing students' opinions concerning religiosity and spirituality in clinical practice, few have investigated if there are cross-cultural differences between countries. DESIGN: Observational, cross-sectional and multicenter study carried out in 2010 and 2011 in Brazil and in 2016 in Portugal. METHODS: A total of 260 third and fourth year nursing students (139 from Portugal and 121 from Brazil) from four nursing schools were included. Religious beliefs (Duke Religion Index), attitudes and opinions about spirituality and health (Curlin's questionnaire) were assessed. A comparison between students from both countries was carried out. RESULTS/FINDINGS: Significant differences were found between nursing students from Brazil and Portugal, which are countries with the same language, but with different nursing training programs and population characteristics. Brazilian students were more religious and have stronger opinions on the influence and appropriateness of spirituality in clinical practice than Portuguese students. However, both groups of students indicated they should be prepared to address religiosity and spirituality with patients, that these subjects should be included in the curriculum and that they were not properly prepared to address spiritual issues. CONCLUSION: Although different opinions and attitudes were found between Brazilian and Portuguese nursing students, more training in these issues should be implemented in the undergraduate education. Cross-cultural studies could help fostering a broad discussion in the field. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: These findings could contribute to raise awareness on the importance of improving the training of relational competencies that prepare students to address the dimension of spirituality and religiosity with their patients.